1. 南滿根據地
South-Manchuria Base Region
南滿根據地
The South-Manchuria Base Region covered a north-south corridor in present-day Liaoning Province, extending from the Soviet-occupied Luda area in the east through Andong, Benxi, Tonghua, and Linjiang. It was one of the most heavily contested zones in the early civil war. Administrative control changed rapidly, and the CPC reorganised the area several times: a unified command for South-Manchuria was established on 31 December 1945, and the Nanman Sub-Bureau (南滿分局, also known as the Liaodong Sub-Bureau) was formally constituted on 31 October 1946. By the end of 1946, at the most difficult point in the campaign, the base area had been reduced to just four counties: Linjiang, Kangsong, Mengjiang, and Changbai.
Postal services in South-Manchuria were administered separately by provincial and local authorities during this period. Stamps were issued by the Post Office of Andong Province and other local bodies operating within the base area.
安東省郵政局
Post Office of Andong Province
Established 3 December 1945 following the liberation of Andong on 17 September 1945.
NM1
1st "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued 5 December 1945. Three-value rubber stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition stamps, creating 10c (two values) and 40c denominations.
NM2
2nd "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued 25 December 1945. Three-value wooden stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition stamps, creating 10c (two values) and 40c denominations.
綏中郵政局
Suizhong Post Office
The Suizhong Post Office (綏中郵政局) was established in September 1945 following the liberation of Suizhong County (綏中縣), issuing stamps for use within the West Liaoning Prefecture (遼西專區) during the transitional period of September to October 1945.
熱河郵政整理委員會
Reorganization Committee of Rehe Post
The Reorganization Committee of Rehe Post (熱河郵政整理委員會) was established in Xinglong (興隆), Rehe Province, following the Japanese surrender in August 1945, to reorganize postal services and issue stamps for the area.
辽東郵政管理局
East-Liaoning Postal Administration
Established 28 June 1946, dissolved 24 October 1946 following the Nationalist occupation of Andong.
安東省郵政管理局
Postal Administration of Andong Province
Established 1947, successor postal authority for South-Manchuria.
NM6
3rd "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued 1 August 1947. Four-value wooden stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition stamps, creating $5 (two values) and $10 (two values) denominations.
NM7
2nd Print Mao Zedong & Zhu De
Issued August 1947. Two-value lithographed set depicting Mao Zedong and Zhu De, printed on coloured calendar sheet paper and grey newsprint.
NM8
4th "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued September 1947. Six-value wooden stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition stamps, creating $20 (two values), $40 (two values), and $60 (two values) denominations.
NM9
5th "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued December 1947. Twelve-value surcharge set on East-Liaoning 1st printing Mao Zedong and Zhu De stamps, in two groups: wooden stamp regular-script and lead type Song-script overprints.
NM10
6th "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued 1 January 1948. Five-value surcharge set on 2nd printing Mao Zedong and Zhu De stamps, in purple, black, and blue overprints on calendar sheet paper and grey newsprint.
NM11
7th "Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued 1 April 1948. Eleven-value surcharge set on 2nd printing Mao Zedong and Zhu De stamps, in purple and black overprints on calendar sheet paper and grey newsprint.
遼寧郵政管理局
Liaoning Postal Administration
Operated February 1946, issuing surcharge stamps for use across South-Manchuria including Andong Province and the Luda area.
NM12
1st "Liaoning Post Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued February 1946. Ten-value rubber stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 3rd, 4th, and 5th edition stamps, with purple overprints in two reading-direction types, creating 20c and $1 denominations.
NM13
2nd "Liaoning Post Temporarily Used as" Surcharge
Issued June 1946. Eight-value rubber stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition stamps, with purple and blue overprints creating $2 and $6 denominations.
辽宁省邮政管理局
Postal Administration of Liaoning Province
Established 1 August 1946, when the Tonghua District Post Office was reorganised and renamed under the newly constituted Liaoning Provincial Government.
NM14
Tonghua Print Mao Zedong
Issued 15 August 1946. Three-value lithographed Mao Zedong portrait set on white paper, in deep purple, deep red, and blue-green.
NM15
August 15 Anniversary Commemorative Overprints on Tonghua Print
Issued 15 August 1946. Three-value wooden stamp overprint on Tonghua Print Mao Zedong Portrait Stamps, commemorating the first anniversary of the liberation of Northeast China.
NM16
1st “Liaoning Changed to” Surcharge
Issued June 1947. Six-value wooden stamp surcharge on Northeast 1st and 2nd print Mao Zedong portrait stamps and Tonghua Print Mao Zedong Portrait Stamps, creating new $10, $20, and $40 denominations.
NM17
2nd “Liaoning Changed to” Surcharge
Issued May 1948. Four-value wooden stamp surcharge on Northeast 3rd Print and Tonghua Print Mao Zedong Portrait Stamps, creating new $50 and $100 denominations.
遼南郵電管理局
South Liaoning Administration of Posts and Telecommunications
The South Liaoning Liberated Area formed the coastal and southern part of the South-Manchuria Base Region, covering the Liaodong Peninsula and the territory south of Andong Province. The South Liaoning Administrative Office (辽南行政公署) was established in August 1946, providing a separate civil administration for the sub-region. The South Liaoning Administration of Posts and Telecommunications (遼南郵電管理局) was formally constituted in July 1947, with its seat at Wafangdian (瓦房店), following the reorganisation of postal services in the liberated zone south of Andong.
NM18
“South Liaoning Post” Surcharge
Issued November 1947. Nine-value lead type handstamp surcharge on China Post Beiping Central Sun Yat-sen stamps, creating new denominations from $20 to $250.
NM19
“Republic of China South Liaoning Post and Telecommunications Changed to” Surcharge
Issued 1947. Two-value wooden stamp surcharge on Manchukuo 4th Edition Regular and Beiping Central 2nd Edition Sun Yat-sen stamps, creating $50 denominations.
NM20
“South Liaoning Temporarily Used as” Surcharge
Issued early 1948. Four-value rubber stamp surcharge on Andong 2nd Print Mao Zedong and Zhu De stamps, creating $20 and $30 denominations.
NM21
South Liaoning “Changed to” Surcharge on Mao Zedong Portrait Stamps
Issued early 1948. Three-value typeset hand stamp surcharge on the 3rd and 4th Print Mao Zedong Stamps (Northeast), creating $50 and $100 denominations.
NM22
South Liaoning “Temporarily Used as” Surcharge on Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong & Zhu De Stamps
Issued early 1948. Nine-value typeset hand stamp surcharge on the 3rd Print Mao Zedong Stamps (Northeast) and Andong 2nd Print Mao Zedong and Zhu De Stamps, creating $20, $30, $50, and $100 denominations.
NM23
South Liaoning “Temporarily Used as” Surcharge, Upper-Case “圓”
Issued early 1948. Single-value typeset machine overprint on the 3rd Print Mao Zedong Stamps (Northeast), creating a $50 denomination with monetary unit in upper-case 圓.
NM24
South Liaoning Denomination Surcharge on Mao Zedong Portrait Stamps
Issued early 1948. Three-value typeset handstamp surcharge on the 3rd Print Mao Zedong Stamps (Northeast), creating $150 and $250 denominations.
岫岩郵政局
Xiuyan Post Office
The Xiuyan Post Office issued a single surcharge stamp in 1948, applying a horizontal wooden stamp overprint in large regular-script characters to the Andong 2nd Print Mao Zedong and Zhu De Portrait Stamps. The issue is commonly known as the Xiuyan Overprinted Stamp.
地方郵政史料
Local Postal History
Locally issued stamps, postage-paid handstamps, and other provisional frankings within the South-Manchuria Base Region by local post offices during the Liberation period.
NML1
Dongfeng (東豐)
Stamps Overprinted “Republic of China”
Issued April 1946. Five-value provisional set hand-overprinted in black using a rubber chop on various Manchukuo stamps.
NML2
Fusong (撫松)
Stamps Overprinted “China Temporarily Used”
Issued October 1945. Single-value provisional set hand-overprinted in black using a rubber chop on a Manchukuo propaganda slogan stamp.
NML3
Tieling (鐵嶺)
Stamps Overprinted “Chinese Northeast Post”
Issued February 1946. Two-value set of Manchukuo 4th and 5th edition regular stamps hand-overprinted in black with Chinese Northeast Post (中國東北郵政).
NML4
Xifeng (西豐)
Stamps Overprinted “Chinese Posts”
Issued September 1945. Single-value Manchukuo propaganda slogan stamp hand-overprinted in black with Chinese Posts (中華郵政).
NMLC1
Kaiyuan (開原)
Postage-Paid Handstamp
Used June 1948. Circular dark red postage-paid handstamp, 25.5 mm, applied in lieu of postage stamps at the Kaiyuan County Post Office, creating stampless covers.